Cell Cycle

The eukaryotic cell cycle is a highly regulated process that controls the growth, division, and DNA replication of cells in eukaryotes. It consists of distinct phases, each with specific events and checkpoints that ensure the accurate progression and integrity of the cell cycle. The cell cycle is divided into two main phases: interphase and mitosis (or M phase). Interphase is further divided into three subphases: G1 (Gap 1), S (Synthesis), and G2 (Gap 2). During G1, the cell grows and carries out its normal functions, including monitoring and repair of DNA damage. It also monitors its external conditions, and at the G1 checkpoint, decides whether to proceed to DNA synthesis or enter a non-dividing state called G0. If growth conditions are favourable, the cell enters S phase. In S phase, DNA replication occurs. Each chromosome is duplicated, resulting in two identical sister chromatids held together by a centromere. This process ensures that each daughter cell will subsequently receive a complete set of genetic information during cell division. Following S phase, the cell enters G2 phase, during which it continues to grow to provide sufficient contents for two new daughter cells and prepares for mitosis. The G2 phase thus allows for additional growth and synthesis of necessary proteins, and a final checkpoint for DNA damage before entering mitosis. The G2 checkpoint thereby ensures that DNA replication is complete and accurate, and that the cell is ready to enter mitosis. Following interphase, the cell enters the mitotic (M) phase, which consists of several morphologically distinct stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis. During prophase, the chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and the mitotic spindles begins to form. In prometaphase, the chromosomes become fully condensed, and microtubules attach to the kinetochores located at the centromeres of sister chromatids. The chromosomes are moved and aligned along the metaphase plate during metaphase. A metaphase checkpoint ensures proper alignment of chromosomes before this separation begins. During anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell by the shortening of microtubule spindles. The cell elongates during telophase as the nuclear envelopes reform around the separated chromosomes. Finally, cytokinesis occurs, with a contractile ring composed of actin filaments and myosin motor proteins forming, dividing the cytoplasm into two daughter cells.The eukaryotic cell cycle is tightly regulated by a complex network of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins. CDKs are protein kinase enzymes that drive the cell cycle by phosphorylating target proteins, whilst cyclins are regulatory proteins whose levels fluctuate throughout the cell cycle, activating specific CDKs at specific points of the cell cycle. Furthermore, the cell cycle is regulated by various checkpoint mechanisms that ensure both the fidelity of DNA replication and of accurate chromosome segregation. These checkpoints monitor DNA integrity, the completion of specific cell cycle events, and external signals such as nutrients and growth factors that indicate favourable conditions for cell division. If abnormalities or errors are detected, the checkpoints can halt the cell cycle, allowing for repair, or trigger cell death, thereby preventing the propagation of damaged or abnormal cells. Understanding the eukaryotic cell cycle is significant as dysregulation of cell cycle control or loss of cell cycle checkpoints can result in the proliferation of abnormal cells and cancer. We offer a large product catalogue of research tools for investigating the cell cycle, including p53 antibodies, Cyclin D1 antibodies, Rb antibodies, EGF ELISA Kits, and BMP7 ELISA Kits. Explore our full cell cycle product range below and discover more, for less. Alternatively, you can explore our Cell Cycle Inhibitors, Cell Division, and Cell Differentiation product ranges.

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Western Blot - Anti-AIF1 Antibody (A82670)
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Flow Cytometry - Anti-PCNA Antibody [PC10] (A86877) - Antibodies.com
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Immunofluorescence - Anti-IBA1 Antibody - Antibodies.com (A104332)
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Anti-Cyclin D1 (L283) Antibody from Bioworld Technology (BS1741) - Antibodies.com
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Western Blot - Anti-Retinoblastoma (phospho Ser780) Antibody (A7208) - Antibodies.com
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Flow Cytometry - Anti-BrdU Antibody [MoBu-1] (A85812) - Antibodies.com
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Western Blot - Anti-CDC2 (phospho Tyr15) Antibody (A7036) - Antibodies.com
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Western Blot - Anti-FOXP3 Antibody (A82808) - Antibodies.com
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Western Blot - Anti-Galectin 3 Antibody (C0203) - Antibodies.com
(4)
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Immunocytochemistry - Anti-SMC1A (phospho Ser966) Antibody (A295220) - Antibodies.com
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Western Blot - Anti-p53 Antibody (B7180) - Antibodies.com
(4)
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Western Blot - Anti-GSK3 beta (phospho Ser9) Antibody (A7098) - Antibodies.com
(8)
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Immunohistochemistry - Anti-DCTN1 Antibody (A83458) - Antibodies.com
(2)
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Western Blot - Anti-p53 Antibody (B7185) - Antibodies.com
(4)
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Anti-mTOR (phospho-S2448) Antibody from Bioworld Technology (BS4706) - Antibodies.com
(3)
Western Blot - Anti-p53 (phospho Ser15) Antibody (A7180) - Antibodies.com
(8)
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Immunofluorescence - Anti-Ki67 Antibody - Antibodies.com (A104333)
(2)
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Western Blot - Anti-Rad21 Antibody (A305614) - Antibodies.com
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Immunohistochemistry - Anti-S100 beta Antibody [S100B/1012] - BSA and Azide free (A253116) - Antibodies.com
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Cut&Tag - Anti-Cdk9 Antibody [ARC0527] (A81021) - Antibodies.com
(9)
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Western Blot - Anti-Cyclin D1 Antibody [ARC0300] (A306339) - Antibodies.com
(10)
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Immunohistochemistry - Anti-PCNA Antibody [PC10] - BSA and Azide free (A252758) - Antibodies.com
(3)
Western Blot - Anti-PCNA Antibody [ARC51324] (A305487) - Antibodies.com
(9)
Immunofluorescence - Anti-Aurora A/B/C Kinase Antibody (A85401) - Antibodies.com
(2)
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Western Blot - Anti-Cyclin E1 Antibody (C0167) - Antibodies.com
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Western Blot - Anti-SEPT7 Antibody (A15412) - Antibodies.com
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Immunohistochemistry - Anti-PCNA Antibody [PC10] (A249578) - Antibodies.com
(3)
Western Blot - Anti-JAK2 Antibody (A81051) - Antibodies.com
(8)
Western Blot - Anti-p53 Antibody (A11620) - Antibodies.com
(9)
Immunohistochemistry - Anti-JAK2 Antibody (B7127) - Antibodies.com
(2)
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Western Blot - Anti-Cyclin A2 Antibody [ARC0359] (A308964) - Antibodies.com
(9)
Western Blot - Anti-p53 Antibody (B0529) - Antibodies.com
(9)
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Western Blot - Anti-p70 S6 Kinase Antibody (B7189) - Antibodies.com
(8)
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Immunohistochemistry - Anti-p27 KIP 1 Antibody [KIP1/769] - BSA and Azide free (A251279) - Antibodies.com
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Western Blot - Anti-Cyclin B1 Antibody (A90461) - Antibodies.com
(9)
Western Blot - Anti-GSK3 beta Antibody (B7098) - Antibodies.com
(8)
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Immunohistochemistry - Anti-FLOT1 Antibody (A82834) - Antibodies.com
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Western Blot - Anti-mTOR Antibody (A13984) - Antibodies.com
(7)
Western Blot - Anti-CDK2 Antibody (A91675) - Antibodies.com
(9)
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Western Blot - Anti-BMP2 Antibody (A12559) - Antibodies.com
(4)
Western Blot - Anti-Iba1 Antibody [ARC51847] (A307825) - Antibodies.com
(10)
ChIP - Anti-p53 Antibody (A295374) - Antibodies.com
(5)
Western Blot - Anti-SEPT7 Antibody (A90324) - Antibodies.com
(4)
Western Blot - Anti-CDK1 (phospho Tyr15) Antibody (A16400) - Antibodies.com
(8)
Immunohistochemistry - Anti-PCNA Antibody [SPM350] - BSA and Azide free (A252758) - Antibodies.com
Western Blot - Anti-p21 Antibody [ARC51040] (A307748) - Antibodies.com
(7)
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Western Blot - Anti-S6K1 (phospho Thr421 + Ser424) Antibody [ARC0107] (A10982) - Antibodies.com
(7)

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