Viral oncoproteins are proteins produced by certain viruses that can transform normal cells into cancerous cells. They play crucial roles in the development and progression of viral-associated cancers. Some of the best-known examples include: 1) Human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7. These oncoproteins are produced by high-risk HPV types and are associated with cervical cancer and other HPV-related malignancies. HPV E6 promotes degradation of the tumour suppressor protein p53, which normally regulates cell cycle progression and DNA repair. HPV E7 binds to and inactivates the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), leading to uncontrolled cell division and inhibition of apoptosis; 2) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1). LMP1 is an oncoprotein produced by EBV, which is associated with various malignancies, including Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. LMP1 mimics the signalling activity of the CD40 receptor, leading to the activation of NF-κB and other signalling pathways that promote cell survival, proliferation, and immune evasion; 3) Hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein (HBx). HBx is an oncoprotein produced by HBV linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a type of liver cancer. HBx contributes to the development of HCC by interacting with multiple cellular signalling pathways, including p53, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, resulting in enhanced cell proliferation, survival, and genomic instability; 4) Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax. Tax is an oncoprotein produced by HTLV-1, which is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Tax interferes with cellular processes involved in cell cycle control, DNA repair, and apoptosis. It promotes cell proliferation, genetic instability, and evasion of immune surveillance; 5) Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). LANA is an oncoprotein produced by KSHV, which is associated with Kaposi's sarcoma and some lymphoproliferative disorders. LANA plays a crucial role in maintaining viral latency, promoting cell cycle progression, inhibiting apoptosis, and modulating the host immune response. We offer a large product range of research tools for studying viral onco-proteins, including Hepatitis B Virus Core Antigen antibodies, HPV16 L1 antibodies, and FES antibodies. Explore our full viral onco-proteins product range below and discover more, for less. Alternatively, you can explore our Hepatitis B, Retrovirus, and HPV product ranges.