Unconjugated
To explore the effect and mechanism of action of different ω-6/ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratio on the expression of AKT and mTOR in mice bearing endometrial carcinoma. Once the human endometrial carcinoma xenograft models were successfully established, 40 BALB/C mice were randomized into five groups: group A (ω-6 PUFAs), group B (10:1 ω-6/ω-3 PUFAs), group C (control group), group D (1:1 ω-6/ω-3 PUFAs), and group E (ω-3 PUFAs). Six weeks post-treatment, mice were sacrificed and the xenograft tissues were harvested for immunohistochemical SP analysis of AKT and mTOR expression. AKT and mTOR mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Group A and group B had the highest positive expression of AKT and mTOR, with increased mRNA expression. Group D and group E had the lowest positive expression of AKT and mTOR, with decreased mRNA expression. There was a positive correlation between the expression of AKT and that of mTOR (r = 0.92). Thus, ω-6/ω-3 PUFAs in different proportions are associated with the mRNA expression of AKT and mTOR in the tissues of mouse xenograft model of human endometrial cancer.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the leading malignancy in Huaian, China. Recently, emerging studies have suggested that an aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression signature exists in ESCC. However, there is discordant information available on specific miRNA expression in patients from different regions. In this study, we identified 12 miRNAs that are differentially expressed in patients with ESCC from Huaian, China. Among these miRNAs that displayed unique miRNA expression signatures, miR-1, miR-29c, miR-100, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-143, miR-145, and miR-195 were downregulated, and miR-7, miR-21, miR-223, and miR-1246 were upregulated in cancerous tissue compared with the adjacent normal tissue. Bioinformatics analyses identified the major biological processes and signaling pathways that are targeted by these differentially expressed miRNAs. Accordingly, miR-29c, miR-100, miR-133a, and miR-133b were found to be involved in invasion and metastasis of ESCC, and miR-7 and miR-21 were found to be related to the differentiation of ESCC. Thus, our data present new evidence for the important roles of miRNAs in ESCC.