Tumour suppressors (also known as anti-oncogenes) are genes that help regulate cell growth and prevent the formation of tumours. They play a critical role in maintaining the normal functioning of cells by inhibiting cell division or promoting cell death when necessary. When tumour suppressor genes are mutated or inactivated, the control over cell growth is disrupted, leading to uncontrolled cell division and potentially the development of cancer. Examples of well-known tumour suppressor genes include: 1) TP53 (also known as p53): TP53, the "guardian of the genome" prevents the accumulation of DNA damage by inhibiting cell cycle progression or promoting apoptosis. Mutations in TP53 are associated with several types of cancer, including breast, colorectal, and lung cancer; 2) BRCA1 and BRCA2. Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are strongly linked to hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. These genes are involved in repairing damaged DNA and maintaining genomic stability; 3) APC (Adenomatous Polyposis Coli). APC gene mutations are commonly found in colorectal cancer. The APC protein helps regulate cell division and prevents the formation of polyps, which can progress to cancer if left untreated; 4) PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog). PTEN is a tumour suppressor gene that regulates cell growth and division by antagonising the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Mutations in PTEN are associated with several types of cancer, including breast, prostate, and endometrial cancer; 5) RB1 (Retinoblastoma 1). RB1 plays a crucial role in controlling the cell cycle by inhibiting the progression from the G1 phase to the S phase. Mutations in RB1 are linked to retinoblastoma, a rare eye cancer, as well as other types of cancer such as osteosarcoma; 6) CDKN2A (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A): CDKN2A encodes two important proteins, p16INK4a and p14ARF. p16INK4a inhibits the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), preventing the progression of the cell cycle. p14ARF stabilizes the tumour suppressor protein p53, enhancing its ability to induce cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Mutations in CDKN2A can impair cell cycle regulation and contribute to the development of various cancers; 7) NF1 (Neurofibromin 1). NF1 encodes the protein neurofibromin, which acts as a negative regulator of the RAS-MAPK signalling pathway. It functions as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) that suppresses the activity of RAS proteins. Mutations in NF1 result in hyperactive RAS signalling, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and other malignancies. We provide a wide product range of research tools for investigating tumor suppressors, including p53 antibodies, Rb antibodies, PTEN antibodies, p53 ELISA Kits, and Rb ELISA Kits. Explore our full tumor suppressors product range below and discover more, for less. Alternatively, you can explore our p53 Pathway, Rb Family, and PTC & Wnt Pathway product ranges.