Organelle proteins play crucial roles in maintaining the proper functioning of cells. These proteins are localized within different cellular subcompartments, known as organelles, and are responsible for carrying out specialized functions within them. In addition to their intracellular roles, organelle proteins also participate in cell signalling processes, which regulate various cellular activities. Organelles are membrane-bound structures found within eukaryotic cells, each with specific functions. Examples of organelles include the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes. Organelle proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and then selectively transported to their respective organelles, where they carry out their essential functions. The nucleus serves as the control centre of the cell, containing the genetic material. Organelle proteins in the nucleus are involved in gene expression and regulation, thereby playing critical roles in cell signalling pathways. Transcription factors are a class of proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences and regulate the transcription of specific genes. For example, the tumour suppressor protein p53 acts as a transcription factor in the nucleus, regulating genes involved in both cell cycle control and apoptosis. Mitochondria are the energy producing organelles of the cell, responsible for ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation. They are also involved in cell signalling processes, particularly in apoptosis. For example, Bcl-2 family proteins found in the mitochondrial outer membrane and play a role in regulating apoptosis, with Bax and Bak proteins promoting apoptosis by permeabilizing the mitochondrial outer membrane and releasing apoptogenic factors. The ER is a complex organelle involved in protein synthesis, protein folding, and calcium homeostasis. It also participates in cell signalling by modulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) and calcium signalling. The ER membrane protein IRE1 acts as a sensor for unfolded proteins and triggers UPR signalling. Additionally, inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) in the ER membrane are crucial for calcium signalling, releasing calcium ions in response to second messenger signalling molecules like IP3. The Golgi apparatus is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for transport to their final destinations. Organelle proteins in the Golgi apparatus are involved in intracellular trafficking and signal transduction. One example is the Rab family of GTPases, which regulate vesicle trafficking between the Golgi and other organelles or the plasma membrane. Finally, lysosomes are organelles involved in intracellular degradation and recycling. They contain various hydrolases that break down macromolecules. Lysosomal membrane proteins also participate in cell signalling processes, such as nutrient sensing and autophagy regulation. One protein complex associated with lysosomes, mTORC1, for example integrates signals from growth factors and amino acids to regulate cell growth and autophagy. We offer a large product range of research reagents for investigating organelle proteins, including LAMP1 antibodies, Transferrin antibodies, StAR antibodies, SPACA3 antibodies, and Transferrin ELISA Kits. Explore our full organelle proteins product range below and discover more, for less.