Neurological processes are those processes underpinning the function of the nervous system and brain. They include signalling pathways, neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, and neural circuitry, which collectively govern the many functions of the brain and nervous system. Neuronal communication is at the heart of neurological processes. When an electrical action potential travels along a neuron's axon, it reaches the presynaptic terminal, where neurotransmitters are stored in synaptic vesicles. In response to the action potential, these vesicles release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, a gap between the presynaptic terminal and the postsynaptic neuron. These neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, initiating a response that transmits the electrical signal from one neuron to another. The specificity of neurotransmitter-receptor interactions is critical for determining the functional properties of neural circuits. Neurotransmitters can either excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neuron, leading to either the generation or suppression of an action potential. The balance between such excitatory and inhibitory inputs shapes the overall activity of neural networks and plays a crucial role in information processing and cognitive functions. Neurotransmission is highly dynamic and subject to modulation by various factors. One critical aspect of neurotransmission is synaptic plasticity, which refers to the ability of synapses to change their strength of connection in response to activity. Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are two forms of synaptic plasticity that underlie learning and memory. LTP strengthens synaptic connections, enhancing signal transmission between neurons, whilst LTD weakens synaptic connections, leading to decreased signal transmission. These processes are believed to be the cellular basis of memory formation and synaptic learning in the brain. Neurological processes are also influenced by neuromodulators, substances that regulate the activity of neurons and neural networks. Neuromodulators including dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine, can impact neural function, influencing complex processes such as mood, motivation, and attention. They act by modifying the excitability of neurons or altering the balance between excitatory and inhibitory inputs within neural circuits. Additionally, the integration of sensory information is a critical neurological process. The brain receives sensory inputs from various sensory systems, including vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. These sensory inputs are processed and integrated in specific brain regions, allowing the brain to construct a coherent representation of the external world. Sensory processing is not simply a passive process but rather involves complex interactions between sensory information and higher-order cognitive processes, like attention and memory. Motor control is another essential aspect of neurological processes. The brain coordinates and regulates movements through complex neural circuits, involving regions such as the motor cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia. Motor neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem transmit signals from the brain to the muscles, allowing precise and coordinated movements. Disruptions in these circuits can lead to motor impairments, as seen in conditions like Parkinson's disease or cerebral palsy. Finally, neurological processes are also involved in the regulation of emotions and affective states. Brain regions like the limbic system and prefrontal cortex are critical for emotional processing, influencing mood, motivation, and decision-making. We offer a large product range of research tools for investigating neurology process, including Vimentin antibodies, Tau antibodies, beta Catenin antibodies, IL6 ELISA Kits, and BDNF ELISA Kits. Explore our full neurology process product range below and discover more, for less. Alternatively, you can explore our Neurodegenerative Disease, Neurogenesis, and Growth & Development product ranges.